Checking Reflexive, Symmetric and Transitive Relations

📺 Video Explanation

📝 Question

Let \( A = \{1,2,3\} \)

\( R_1 = \{(1,1), (1,3), (3,1), (2,2), (2,1), (3,3)\} \)

\( R_2 = \{(2,2), (3,1), (1,3)\} \)

\( R_3 = \{(1,3), (3,3)\} \)

Check whether each relation is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.


✅ Solution

🔹 Relation \( R_1 \)

Reflexive:

Since \( (1,1), (2,2), (3,3) \in R_1 \) ✔ Reflexive

Symmetric:

Check: \( (2,1) \in R_1 \) but \( (1,2) \notin R_1 \) ❌ Not Symmetric

Transitive:

Check: \( (2,1) \) and \( (1,3) \in R_1 \) ⇒ should have \( (2,3) \), but not present ❌ Not Transitive


🔹 Relation \( R_2 \)

Reflexive:

Missing \( (1,1) \) and \( (3,3) \) ❌ Not Reflexive

Symmetric:

\( (1,3) \) and \( (3,1) \) both present, \( (2,2) \) is self-pair ✔ Symmetric

Transitive:

\( (1,3) \) and \( (3,1) \) ⇒ need \( (1,1) \), not present ❌ Not Transitive


🔹 Relation \( R_3 \)

Reflexive:

Missing \( (1,1), (2,2) \) ❌ Not Reflexive

Symmetric:

\( (1,3) \in R_3 \) but \( (3,1) \notin R_3 \) ❌ Not Symmetric

Transitive:

Check: \( (1,3) \) and \( (3,3) \) ⇒ need \( (1,3) \) (already present) ✔ Transitive


🎯 Final Answer

R₁: Reflexive ✔, Symmetric ❌, Transitive ❌

R₂: Reflexive ❌, Symmetric ✔, Transitive ❌

R₃: Reflexive ❌, Symmetric ❌, Transitive ✔


🚀 Exam Insight

  • Reflexive → all diagonal elements must be present
  • Symmetric → reverse pairs must exist
  • Transitive → check chain condition carefully
  • Duplicate pairs do not matter
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