Domain of cos⁻¹(x² − 4)

Question

Find the domain of:

\[ \cos^{-1}(x^2 – 4) \]

Solution

For \( \cos^{-1}(t) \) to be defined:

\[ -1 \le t \le 1 \]

So,

\[ -1 \le x^2 – 4 \le 1 \]

Add 4:

\[ 3 \le x^2 \le 5 \]

Thus,

\[ \sqrt{3} \le |x| \le \sqrt{5} \]

So domain is:

\[ -\sqrt{5} \le x \le -\sqrt{3} \quad \text{or} \quad \sqrt{3} \le x \le \sqrt{5} \]

Final Answer:

\[ \boxed{[-\sqrt{5}, -\sqrt{3}] \cup [\sqrt{3}, \sqrt{5}]} \]

Key Concept

Argument of cos⁻¹ must lie in [−1, 1].

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