Prove that cos 55° + cos 65° + cos 175° = 0

Prove that: \[ \cos 55^\circ + \cos 65^\circ + \cos 175^\circ = 0 \]

Solution

Using the identity:
\[ \cos A + \cos B = 2 \cos \frac{A+B}{2} \cos \frac{A-B}{2} \]
Taking
\[ A = 55^\circ,\qquad B = 65^\circ \]
Then,
\[ \cos 55^\circ + \cos 65^\circ = 2 \cos \frac{55^\circ+65^\circ}{2} \cos \frac{55^\circ-65^\circ}{2} \]
\[ = 2 \cos 60^\circ \cos (-5^\circ) \]
Since,
\[ \cos(-\theta)=\cos\theta \]
\[ = 2 \cos 60^\circ \cos 5^\circ \]
\[ = 2 \times \frac{1}{2} \times \cos 5^\circ \]
\[ = \cos 5^\circ \]
Now,
\[ \cos 175^\circ = \cos(180^\circ-5^\circ) = -\cos 5^\circ \]
Therefore,
\[ \cos 55^\circ + \cos 65^\circ + \cos 175^\circ = \cos 5^\circ – \cos 5^\circ \]
\[ =0 \]
Hence,
\[ \boxed{ \cos 55^\circ + \cos 65^\circ + \cos 175^\circ = 0 } \]

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