Prove that (sin 3x + sin x)sin x + (cos 3x − cos x)cos x = 0

Prove that \[ (\sin3x+\sin x)\sin x+(\cos3x-\cos x)\cos x=0 \]

Proof: \[ LHS=(\sin3x+\sin x)\sin x+(\cos3x-\cos x)\cos x \] Expanding: \[ =\sin3x\sin x+\sin^2x+\cos3x\cos x-\cos^2x \] Grouping terms: \[ =(\sin3x\sin x+\cos3x\cos x) +(\sin^2x-\cos^2x) \] Using the identity \[ \cos(A-B)=\cos A\cos B+\sin A\sin B \] we get \[ \sin3x\sin x+\cos3x\cos x = \cos(3x-x) \] \[ =\cos2x \] Also, \[ \sin^2x-\cos^2x = -(\cos^2x-\sin^2x) \] Using \[ \cos2x=\cos^2x-\sin^2x \] therefore, \[ \sin^2x-\cos^2x=-\cos2x \] Substituting: \[ LHS=\cos2x-\cos2x \] \[ =0 \] Hence proved, \[ \boxed{ (\sin3x+\sin x)\sin x+(\cos3x-\cos x)\cos x=0 } \]

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