cos 40° + cos 80° + cos 160° + cos 240°

\( \cos40^\circ+\cos80^\circ+\cos160^\circ+\cos240^\circ \)

Options:
(a) \(0\)
(b) \(1\)
(c) \(\frac12\)
(d) \(-\frac12\)
Solution:
We know that, \[ \cos(180^\circ-\theta)=-\cos\theta \] and \[ \cos(180^\circ+\theta)=-\cos\theta \]
Therefore, \[ \cos160^\circ=-\cos20^\circ \] and \[ \cos240^\circ=-\cos60^\circ=-\frac12 \]
Hence, \[ \cos40^\circ+\cos80^\circ+\cos160^\circ+\cos240^\circ \] \[ =\cos40^\circ+\cos80^\circ-\cos20^\circ-\frac12 \]
Using identity, \[ \cos20^\circ=\cos40^\circ+\cos80^\circ \]
Substituting, \[ =\cos40^\circ+\cos80^\circ-(\cos40^\circ+\cos80^\circ)-\frac12 \]
\[ =-\frac12 \]
Therefore, \[ \boxed{-\frac12} \]
Correct option: (d)

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