Prove that sin 80° − cos 70° = cos 50°

Prove that: \[ \sin 80^\circ – \cos 70^\circ = \cos 50^\circ \]

Solution

Convert cosine into sine form using:
\[ \cos \theta = \sin(90^\circ-\theta) \]
\[ \cos 70^\circ = \sin 20^\circ \]
Therefore,
\[ \sin 80^\circ – \cos 70^\circ = \sin 80^\circ – \sin 20^\circ \]
Using the identity:
\[ \sin A – \sin B = 2\cos\frac{A+B}{2}\sin\frac{A-B}{2} \]
Taking
\[ A=80^\circ,\qquad B=20^\circ \]
Then,
\[ = 2\cos\frac{80^\circ+20^\circ}{2} \sin\frac{80^\circ-20^\circ}{2} \]
\[ = 2\cos50^\circ\sin30^\circ \]
\[ = 2\cos50^\circ\times\frac{1}{2} \]
\[ = \cos50^\circ \]
Hence,
\[ \boxed{ \sin 80^\circ – \cos70^\circ = \cos50^\circ } \]

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